what is PCB?

A printed circuit board (PCB) is plates made of various insulating materials with conductive (e.g. copper) paths and islands on the surface and solder-coated holes between the surfaces for mounting electronic circuit elements.

In-hole coating, covered hole (English via), are the holes that provide connection between the paths that carry the electric current between the layers of the card. Circuit elements with legs mounted on the board are attached to these holes or they can be made just to provide transmission between layers. In surface mounting technology, there are copper or solder-coated islands that are in the form of a flat surface on which the elements will stand. Some conductive copper zones are connected to each other by waterways. Waterways pass current. The waterways that will carry too much current are kept thick and those that will carry less current are made thin.

BDK (PCB) drawing is usually done with computer programs. OrCad, Proteus (ISIS and ARES) and Protel, PCAD are examples of the most well-known BDK (PCB) design programs. In the PCB drawing, attention is paid to issues such as path spacing, via widths, placement of bypass capacitors, placement of radio frequency emitting parts in such a way that they do not affect the integrated circuit elements as much as possible, otherwise insulating them with a Faraday cage, separation of digital and analog chassis (earth-ground). .

Materials with a thin film layer of copper glued on materials such as fibers are called copper pertinax. On this material, the circuit diagram (in different forms) is prepared and transferred. In the transfer process, the paths that will carry current are drawn on the plaque with a kind of paint. Then this plaque is thrown into a special acid mixture. While this acid mixture cannot act on painted surfaces, it melts copper on unpainted surfaces. When the plate removed from the acid is washed and the paint layer on it is removed, the circuit is ready.